ABSTRACT
Objetivo Verificar os níveis de vitamina D3 e correlacioná-los com os níveis de glicemia de jejum e de hemoglobina glicada em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em tratamento medicamentoso por hipoglicemiantes orais ou insulina. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo, realizado em consultório particular com prontuários de pacientes do sexo feminino com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em uso de hipoglicemiantes, onde avaliou-se a correlação entre vitamina D3 e glicemia de jejum e hemoglobina glicada, sendo excluídas pacientes gestantes, lactantes, portadores de doença renal e hepática. Pontos de coorte da vitamina D3: deficiência/insuficiência ≤ 30 ng/mL; suficiência ≥ 30 ng/mL. Critérios diagnósticos para diabetes: níveis de glicemia de jejum ≥ 126mg/dL; hemoglobina glicada ≥ 6,5%. Resultados Os portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 apresentaram níveis insuficientes de vitamina D3 em 87% de casos. Conclusões Não houve correlações lineares significativas entre vitamina D3 e glicemia de jejum e nem entre vitamina D3 e hemoglobina glicada em portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 no presente estudo. Níveis baixos de vitamina D3 sugere suplementação de vitamina D3 em doses elevadas.
Objective To verify the levels of vitamin D3 and correlate them with the levels of fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in drug treatment, by oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin. Methods It was a cross-sectional, retrospective research, held in private practice with charts of female patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus in hypoglycemic, which were evaluated the correlation between vitamin D3 and fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Were excluded pregnant patients, lactating, people suffering from kidney and liver diseases. Clinical categories of vitamin D3: deficiency/insufficiency ≤ 30 ng/mL; sufficiency ≥ 30 ng/mL. The diagnostic criteria for diabetes: levels of fasting glucose ≥ 126mg/dL; glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5 %. Results Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had insufficient levels of vitamin D3 in 87 % of cases. Conclusions There were not significant linear correlations between vitamin D3 and fasting glucose or between glycated hemoglobin and vitamin D3 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in this research. Low levels of vitamin D3 suggests vitamin D3 supplementation in high doses.
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aims to assess the nutritional status of selenium, copper and zinc; and also the erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity of HIV-infected children compared to a control group. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with prepubertal HIV-infected children (n = 51) and their healthy siblings (n = 32). All biochemical measurements including plasma selenium, serum copper levels, serum and erythrocyte zinc levels and erythrocyte super-oxide dismutase activity were evaluated according to dietary, clinical and biochemical parameters. Results: Compared to the control group, the HIV-infected children had lower z-score values for height-for-age (p = 0.0006), higher prevalence of stunting (11.8%) (p = 0.047), lower selenium levels (p = 0.0006) and higher copper levels (p = 0.019). No difference was found concerning superoxide dismutase activity (p > 0.05). The HIV-infected group presented a higher proportion (45.1%) of children with zinc intakes below the estimated average requirement (p = 0.014); however, no association with zinc biochemical parameters was found. Conclusion: HIV-infected children have an inadequate selenium and copper nutritional status, which could influence the progression to AIDS. An adequate micronutrient status could improve the clinical conditions in these patients and minimize free radical production and cellular oxidative stress. .
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Antioxidants/analysis , Erythrocytes/enzymology , HIV Infections/blood , Nutritional Status/physiology , Superoxide Dismutase/blood , Antioxidants/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Copper/blood , Diet Records , HIV Infections/physiopathology , Selenium/blood , Zinc/bloodABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Revisar os potenciais efeitos antioxidantes das vitaminas A, C e E na prevenção do desenvolvimento da arteriosclerose na infância, com ênfase na prevenção da dislipidemia. FONTES DE DADOS: Pesquisa bibliográfica em revistas científicas, livros técnicos e publicações de órgãos oficiais dos últimos 20 anos. Utilizaram-se as bases de dados Lilacs, SciELo e Medline em português, inglês e espanhol, com as palavras-chave: "antioxidantes", "arteriosclerose", "dislipidemias", "peroxidação de lipídeos", "infância", "vitamina A", "vitamina C" e "vitamina E". SÍNTESE DE DADOS: A prevalência de dislipidemia na infância e na adolescência mostra frequência crescente, provavelmente relacionada às mudanças dos hábitos alimentares e à redução na prática de atividades físicas. O elevado nível plasmático da lipoproteína de baixa densidade (LDL-c) é fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da arteriosclerose. O consumo de frutas, verduras e legumes, ricos em antioxidantes, é um dos fatores de maior importância na prevenção da peroxidação lipídica. A baixa ingestão dessas fontes naturais de antioxidantes sugere a necessidade de intervenção nutricional para atingir as metas diárias de consumo de vitaminas A, C e E, não sendo preconizada a sua suplementação medicamentosa. CONCLUSÕES: O pediatra e o nutricionista devem orientar as famílias sobre o consumo de alimentos saudáveis, principalmente frutas, verduras e legumes, por seu potencial efeito antioxidante, especialmente nos primeiros anos de vida.
OBJECTIVE: To review the potential antioxidant effects of vitamins A, C and E in the prevention of atherosclerosis development during childhood, emphasizing the prevention of dyslipidemia. DATA SOURCES: Bibliographic search in scientific journals, technical books and official publications of the last 20 years. Lilacs, SciElo and Medline databases were searched for articles in Portuguese, Spanish and English using a combination of the following terms: "antioxidants", "atherosclerosis", "dyslipidemia", "lipid peroxidation", "childhood", "vitamin A", "vitamin C" and "vitamin E". DATA SYNTHESIS: There is an increasing prevalence of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents, probably related to changes in dietary habits and to the reduced practice of physical activities. The high plasma concentration of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c) is a risk factor for atherosclerosis development. The consumption of nutrients rich in antioxidants, such as fruits and vegetables, is very important to prevent lipid peroxidation. The low intake of these natural antioxidants sources suggests the need for nutritional intervention to achieve the daily ingestion targets of vitamins A, C and E. Vitamin supplementation is not recommended. CONCLUSIONS: Children should be encouraged to increase ingestion of fruits and vegetables due to their potential antioxidant effect, especially in the first years of life.